2021考研英语一作文高分技巧与常见误区解析
在考研英语一的写作部分,许多考生常常感到困惑,尤其是面对图表或书信题型时,不知道如何下手。本文将结合2021年考研英语一作文模板,针对常见问题进行详细解答,帮助考生提升写作能力,避免高分失分。
常见问题解答
问题1:如何快速构思图表作文的段落结构?
图表作文的段落结构通常包括三部分:首段描述图表、中间段分析数据变化、尾段总结趋势或提出建议。考生在审题时,应先快速抓住图表中的关键数据,如最高点、最低点或变化趋势。例如,如果图表显示某行业就业人数逐年上升,首段可以这样写:"The chart illustrates the employment trends in the IT industry from 2015 to 2020..." 中间段则需具体分析上升原因,如:"This growth can be attributed to several factors..." 尾段则可总结或展望:"In conclusion, the industry is expected to continue expanding..." 通过这种方式,考生能迅速搭建框架,避免写作时卡壳。
问题2:书信作文中如何平衡礼貌与正式?
书信作文的难点在于语气拿捏。2021年模板建议考生使用"Dear [收信人姓名],"开头,正文每段首句用"Firstly," "Secondly,"等过渡。但过度使用这些词会显得生硬,建议混搭"Moreover," "Additionally,"等更自然的连接词。例如,在投诉信中,考生可以这样写:"Dear Customer Service Manager, I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with the delayed delivery..."(正式)紧接着:"Firstly, the package was supposed to arrive on June 1st but has not yet been delivered..."(过渡+具体问题)注意避免口语化表达,如"this is so annoying",而用"The delay has caused significant inconvenience to my plans."(正式)最后用"The company should take immediate action to resolve this issue."(明确诉求)这样既保持了专业性,又清晰传达了诉求。
问题3:如何避免模板化写作?
许多考生过度依赖模板导致作文千篇一律,被阅卷老师判定为低分。建议考生在套用模板时进行个性化修改:首段描述图表时,用具体数据替换模板中的泛指,如将"The chart shows..."改为"The chart reveals that the sales of electric vehicles...";中间段分析原因时,结合图表特点增加细节,比如"Unlike traditional cars, electric vehicles enjoy lower maintenance costs...";结尾段可加入个人观点,如"The government should provide subsidies to encourage more people to choose eco-friendly transportation." 通过这样的调整,既能保持模板的框架,又能展现考生对题目的理解深度,避免被扣分。
问题4:如何应对时间紧张的情况?
考试时往往时间不足,考生需掌握时间分配技巧。建议先花5分钟审题和列提纲,剩余时间分配为:图表/书信描述20分钟、分析/展开40分钟、修改润色10分钟。具体操作时,可使用"三段式"快速写作法:首段用2句话概括图表/信件目的,中间段用3个要点展开,尾段用1句话总结。例如,分析柱状图时,首段写"The bar chart compares the annual revenue of two companies..." 中间段写"Company A achieved higher growth due to..." "However, Company B showed potential..." 尾段总结"The overall trend indicates..." 这样既节省时间,又能保证结构完整,适合时间紧迫的情况。
问题5:如何避免语法错误?
语法错误是英语写作失分的重要原因。考生应重点注意:1.时态一致,如"The company has invested in..."不要混用现在完成时;2.主谓一致,如"Neither the manager nor the staff were available"(应为was);3.冠词使用,避免频繁使用"the"导致重复;4.从句连接词,如非限制性定语从句前必须加逗号。建议平时练习时使用语法检查工具,考试时先写简单句再合并复杂句。例如,将"The rise in sales is attributed to effective marketing strategies"改为"The rise in sales can be attributed to effective marketing strategies"(添加can避免绝对化),或用"The company's success is not only due to..."(not only...but also结构)这样的细节调整能显著提升文章质量。